11 hot topic(s) found with the query "Pulmonary fibrosis "
Screening for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis using comorbidity signatures in electronic health records.
Onishchenko Dmytro et al. Nature medicine 2022 9
(Posted: Oct 01, 2022 7AM)
Using subtle comorbidity signatures identified from the history of medical encounters of individuals, we developed an algorithm, called the zero-burden comorbidity risk score for IPF (ZCoR-IPF), to predict the future risk of an IPF diagnosis. ZCoR-IPF was trained on a national insurance claims database and validated on three independent databases, comprising a total of 2,983,215 participants, with 54,247 positive cases. The algorithm achieved positive likelihood ratios greater than 30 at a specificity of 0.99 across different cohorts.
Telomere biology disorders
MLW Kam et al, NPJ Genomic Medicine, May 28, 2021
(Posted: May 29, 2021 9AM)
A constellation of bone marrow failure, pulmonary fibrosis, liver cirrhosis and premature greying is suggestive, however incomplete penetrance results in highly variable manifestations, with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis as the most common presentation. Currently, the true extent of TBD burden is unknown as there is no established diagnostic criteria and the disorder often is unrecognized.
Pulmonary Fibrosis after COVID-19 is Associated with Severity of Illness and Blood Leukocyte Telomere Length
CF McGroder et al, MEDRXIV, March 20, 2021
(Posted: Mar 20, 2021 0PM)
Shared genetic etiology between idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and COVID-19 severity
J Fadista et al, MEDRXIV, December 16, 2020
(Posted: Dec 17, 2020 8AM)
Genetic loci associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap with loci for lung function and pulmonary fibrosis
BD Hobbs, February 6, 2017
(Posted: Feb 06, 2017 1PM)
Asbestos-Related Lung Diseases
From NHLBI health topic site
(Posted: Jan 01, 2014 0AM)
What Is
Asbestos-related lung diseases are diseases caused by exposure to asbestos (as-BES-tos) fibers. Asbestos is a mineral that, in the past, was widely used in many industries.
Asbestos is made up of tiny fibers that can escape into the air. When breathed in, these fibers can stay in your lungs for a long time. If the fibers build up in your lungs, they can lead to:
?Pleural plaque. In this condition, the tissue around the lungs and diaphragm (the muscle below your lungs) thickens and hardens. This tissue is called the pleura. Pleural plaque usually causes no symptoms. Rarely, as the pleura thickens, it can trap and compress part of the lung. This may show up as a mass on an x-ray image.
?Pleural effusion. In this condition, excess fluid builds up in the pleural space. The pleural space is the area between the lungs and the chest wall.
?Asbestosis (as-bes-TOE-sis). In this condition, the lung tissue becomes scarred. People who have asbestosis are at greater risk for lung cancer, especially if they smoke.
?Lung cancer. This type of cancer forms in the lung tissue, usually in the cells lining the air passages.
?Mesothelioma (MEZ-o-thee-lee-O-ma). This disease is cancer of the pleura.
Asbestos also can cause cancer in the lining of the abdominal cavity. This lining is known as the peritoneum (PER-ih-to-NE-um).
Asbestos-Related Lung Diseases
Figure A shows the location of the lungs, airways, pleura, and diaphragm in the body. Figure B shows lungs with asbestos-related diseases, including pleural plaque, lung cancer, asbestosis, plaque on the diaphragm, and mesothelioma.
Figure A shows the location of the lungs, airways, pleura, and diaphragm in the body. Figure B shows lungs with asbestos-related diseases, including pleural plaque, lung cancer, asbestosis, plaque on the diaphragm, and mesothelioma.
Overview
Until the 1970s, asbestos was widely used in many industries in the United States. For example, it was used to insulate pipes, boilers, and ships; make brakes; strengthen cement; and fireproof many items, such as drywall.
People who worked around asbestos during that time are at risk for asbestos-related lung diseases. People at highest risk include:
?Unprotected workers who made, installed, or removed products containing asbestos. People who worked near others who did these jobs also are at risk.
?Family members of workers who were exposed to asbestos. Family members may have breathed in asbestos fibers that workers brought home on their clothes, shoes, or bodies.
?People who live in areas with large deposits of asbestos in the soil. This risk is limited to areas where the deposits were disturbed and asbestos fibers got into the air.
Asbestos fibers also can be released into the air when older buildings containing asbestos-made products are destroyed. Removing these products during building renovations also can release asbestos fibers into the air.
Generally, being around asbestos-made products isn?t a danger as long as the asbestos is enclosed. This prevents the fibers from getting into the air.
People in the United States are less likely to have asbestos-related lung diseases now because the mineral is no longer widely used.
The use of asbestos is heavily restricted, and rules and standards are now in place to protect workers and others from asbestos exposure. Asbestos is found in only a few new products, such as gaskets used in brakes.
However, many countries do not yet restrict asbestos use. People in those countries are still exposed to the mineral.
Outlook
The outlook for people who have asbestos-related lung diseases can vary. It will depend on which disease a person has and how much it has damaged the lungs.
No treatments can reverse the effects of asbestos on your lungs. However, treatments may help relieve symptoms, slow the progress of the disease, and prevent complications.
If you've been exposed to asbestos, let your doctor know. He or she can watch you for signs of asbestos-related problems and start treatment early, if needed. Early treatment may help prevent or delay complications.
Quitting smoking and making other lifestyle changes may help people who are at high risk for asbestos-related lung diseases. These lifestyle changes may prevent more serious diseases, such as cancer.
Other Names
Other names for asbestos-related pleural diseases include:
?Pleural plaques
?Pleurisy
?Trapped lung
Other names for asbestosis include:
?Fibrotic lung disease
?Pneumoconiosis (NOO-mo-ko-ne-O-sis)
?Interstitial (in-ter-STISH-al) pulmonary fibrosis
Other names for lung cancer include:
?Small cell lung carcinoma (kar-sih-NO-ma)
?Nonsmall cell lung carcinoma
Another name for mesothelioma is cancer of the lining of the lung.
Cough
From NHLBI health topic site
(Posted: Jan 01, 2014 0AM)
A cough is your body?s natural reflex to help clear your airways of irritants and prevent infection.
Overview
Common irritants include smoke, mucus, or allergens such as pollen, mold, or dust. Some medical conditions or medicines irritate the nerve endings in your airways and cause coughing.
A cough may be acute, subacute, or chronic depending on how long it lasts. Acute coughs last less than three weeks and usually are caused by the common cold or other infections such as sinusitis or pneumonia. Subacute coughs last three to eight weeks and remain after the initial cold or respiratory infection is over. Chronic coughs last more than eight weeks and can be caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), postnasal drip from sinus infections or allergies, or chronic lung conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis, and interstitial lung diseases.
Your doctor will consider your medical history, physical exam, and test results when diagnosing and treating cough. Quitting smoking and avoiding smoke, other irritants, or certain medicines may help relieve your cough. Medicines to control coughing are usually used only for coughs that cause extreme discomfort or interfere with sleep. Talk to your doctor about how to treat your child?s cough.
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
From NHLBI health topic site
(Posted: Jan 01, 2014 0AM)
What Is
Pulmonary fibrosis (PULL-mun-ary fi-BRO-sis) is a disease in which tissue deep in your lungs becomes thick and stiff, or scarred, over time. The formation of scar tissue is called fibrosis.
As the lung tissue thickens, your lungs can't properly move oxygen into your bloodstream. As a result, your brain and other organs don't get the oxygen they need. (For more information, go to the "How the Lungs Work" section of this article.)
Sometimes doctors can find out what's causing fibrosis. But in most cases, they can't find a cause. They call these cases idiopathic (id-ee-o-PATH-ick) pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).
IPF is a serious disease that usually affects middle-aged and older adults. IPF varies from person to person. In some people, fibrosis happens quickly. In others, the process is much slower. In some people, the disease stays the same for years.
IPF has no cure yet. Many people live only about 3 to 5 years after diagnosis. The most common cause of death related to IPF is respiratory failure. Other causes of death include pulmonary hypertension (HI-per-TEN-shun), heart failure, pulmonary embolism (EM-bo-lizm), pneumonia (nu-MO-ne-ah), and lung cancer.
Genetics may play a role in causing IPF. If more than one member of your family has IPF, the disease is called familial IPF.
Research has helped doctors learn more about IPF. As a result, they can more quickly diagnose the disease now than in the past. Also, researchers are studying several medicines that may slow the progress of IPF. These efforts may improve the lifespan and quality of life for people who have the disease.
Other Names
?Idiopathic diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis
?Pulmonary fibrosis of unknown cause
?Pulmonary fibrosis
?Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis
?Usual interstitial pneumonitis
?Diffuse fibrosing alveolitis
Pulmonary Rehabilitation
From NHLBI health topic site
(Posted: Jan 01, 2014 0AM)
What Is Pulmonary Rehabilitation?
Pulmonary (PULL-mun-ary) rehabilitation, also called pulmonary rehab or PR, is a broad program that helps improve the well-being of people who have chronic (ongoing) breathing problems.
For example, PR may benefit people who have COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), sarcoidosis (sar-koy-DOE-sis), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, or cystic fibrosis.
PR also can benefit people who need lung surgery, both before and after the surgery.
PR doesn't replace medical therapy. Instead, it's used with medical therapy and may include:
?Exercise training
?Nutritional counseling
?Education on your lung disease or condition and how to manage it
?Energy-conserving techniques
?Breathing strategies
?Psychological counseling and/or group support
PR involves a long-term commitment from the patient and a team of health care providers. The PR team may include doctors, nurses, and specialists. Examples of specialists include respiratory therapists, physical and occupational therapists, dietitians or nutritionists, and psychologists or social workers.
PR often is an outpatient program based in a hospital or clinic. Some patients also can receive PR in their homes.
When you start PR, your rehab team will create a plan that's tailored to your abilities and needs. You'll likely attend your PR program weekly. Your team also will expect you to follow your plan, including exercises and lifestyle changes, at home.
PR has many benefits. It can improve your ability to function and your quality of life. The program also may help relieve your breathing problems. Even if you have advanced lung disease, you can still benefit from PR.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
From NCATS Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center
(Posted: Jan 01, 2011 0AM)
Hereditary fibrosing poikiloderma with tendon contractures, myopathy, and pulmonary fibrosis
From NCATS Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center
(Posted: Jan 01, 2011 0AM)
